Izingane zichitha isikhathi esiningi zingaphandle, zijabulela ikhefu lesikole, ezemidlalo nesikhathi sokudlala. Abazali abaningi bangase bakunake ukugcoba i-sunscreen ukuze bavikele isikhumba sabo, kodwa banemibono ehlukene mayelana nokuvikela amehlo.
Ingabe izingane zingagqoka izibuko zelanga? Iminyaka efanelekile yokugqoka? Imibuzo enjengokuthi ingabe izoba nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kokubukwa kanye nempumelelo yokuvimbela nokulawula i-myopia idinga ukuphendulwa. Lesi sihloko sizophendula izinkathazo zabazali ngemibuzo nezimpendulo.
Ingabe izingane kufanele zigqoke izibuko zelanga?
Akungabazeki ukuthi izingane zidinga izibuko zelanga ukuze zivikele amehlo azo lapho zisebenza ngaphandle. Njengesikhumba, ukulimala kwe-UV emehlweni kuyakhula. Izingane zichayeka kakhulu elangeni futhi zisengozini enkulu emisebeni ye-ultraviolet. Uma kuqhathaniswa nabantu abadala, i-cornea yezingane kanye ne-lens icacile futhi isobala kakhulu. Uma unganaki ukuvikelwa elangeni, kungenzeka kulimaze i-corneal epithelium yengane, kulimaze i-retina, kuthinte ukuthuthukiswa kombono, futhi kudale nezingozi ezicashile zezifo zamehlo ezifana nolwelwesi lwamehlo.
I-WHO ilinganisela ukuthi u-80% wemisebe ye-UV empilweni yonke inqwabelana ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-18. Iphinde iphakamise ukuthi izingane kufanele zinikezwe izibuko zelanga ezingu-99% -100% ze-UV protection (UVA+UVB) ukuze zizivikele lapho zenza imisebenzi yangaphandle. Izinsana kufanele zihlale zigqoke Emthunzini. I-American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) incoma ukuthi izingane ezingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha kufanele zigweme ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Thatha ingane yakho ngaphansi komthunzi wesihlahla, ngaphansi kwesambulela noma kunqola. Gqokisa ingane yakho izingubo ezilula ezivala izingalo nemilenze yayo, futhi uyimboze intamo yakhe ngesigqoko esinomlomo ukuze ingashi. Ezinganeni ezingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala, ukugqoka izibuko zelanga ezivikela i-UV kuyindlela enhle yokuvikela amehlo engane yakho.
Izingane zingaqala zineminyaka emingaki ukugqoka izibuko zelanga?
Emazweni nasezifundeni ezihlukahlukene, kuneziqondiso ezahlukene zeminyaka yezingane ezigqoka izibuko zelanga. I-American Academy of Ophthalmology (AOA) ayibeki umkhawulo weminyaka omncane wokusetshenziswa kwezibuko zelanga. I-American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) itusa ukuthi izinsana ezingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala kufanele zigweme ukukhanya kwelanga futhi zingakhetha izindlela ezingokomzimba zokuvikela i-ultraviolet. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, qaphela izingane ezincane. Gwema ukuphuma lapho imisebe ye-ultraviolet inamandla kakhulu. Isibonelo, kusukela ngo-12 emini kuya ku-2 ntambama yilapho imisebe ye-ultraviolet yelanga inamandla kakhulu. Izingane ezincane kufanele ziphume kancane. Uma ufuna ukuphuma, kufanele uzame ukugqoka isigqoko esinompheme obanzi ukuze uvikele ingane yakho elangeni, ukuze ungavumeli ilanga likhanye emehlweni engane yakho. Izingane ezingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala zingakhetha ukugqoka izibuko zelanga ezifanelekayo ezinokuvikelwa kwe-UV.
Umkhulumeli wenhlangano yaseBrithani esiza abantulayo Eye Protection Foundation uncoma ukuthi izingane kufanele ziqale ukugqoka izibuko zelanga kusukela eminyakeni emithathu ubudala.
Indlela yokukhetha izibuko zelanga zezingane?
Udinga ukucabangela izici ezi-3 ukuze wenze ukukhetha kwakho.
1.100% Ukuvikelwa kwe-UV: I-American Pediatric Ophthalmologist (AAP) incoma ukuthi izibuko zelanga zezingane ezithengiwe kufanele zikwazi ukuvimba u-99% -100% wemisebe ye-UV;
2. Umbala ofanele: Ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zezingane zokukhula kombono kanye nebanga lokusetshenziswa kwezingane, kunconywa ukuthi izingane zikhethe izibuko zelanga ezinokukhanya okukhulu okudlulisa ukukhanya, okungukuthi, zikhethe izibuko zelanga ezinombala okhanyayo nama-visors elanga, okungukuthi, ukudlulisa ukukhanya kuhlukaniswa ngeSigaba 1, Isigaba 2 kanye Nesigaba 3 Yebo, ungakhethi amalensi amnyama kakhulu;
3. Impahla iphephile, ayinabo ubuthi futhi imelana nokuwa.
Ingabe izingane ezigqoke izibuko zelanga zizoba nomthelela ekuvimbeleni nasekulawuleni imiphumela ye-myopia?
Izinga lokukhanya elilinganiswa ngenkathi ugqoke izibuko zelanga cishe liphindwe izikhathi ezingu-11 kuya kwezingu-43 kunendawo yasendlini. Leli zinga lokukhanya linamandla okuvimbela nokulawula i-myopia. Imisebenzi yangaphandle ingenye yezindlela zokuvimbela nokulawula i-myopia. Izincwadi ziqinisekisile ukuthi imisebenzi yangaphandle okungenani amahora angu-2 kuya kwangu-3 ngosuku ingabambezela ngempumelelo ukuqhubeka kwe-myopia. Nokho, akunakunakwa ukuthi amehlo ezingane nawo asengozini yokulimala kwemisebe ye-ultraviolet. Kudingeka kube nokulinganisela phakathi kwempilo yamehlo kanye nokuvimbela nokulawula i-myopia, kunokuphishekela ukweqisa. Kukhona ukusekelwa ezincwadini ukuthi amazinga okukhanya aphezulu kakhulu ngaphandle kunasendlini, ngisho nalapho ugqoke izibuko zelanga, isigqoko, noma emthunzini. Izingane kufanele zikhuthazwe ukuba zichithe isikhathi esiningi zingaphandle futhi zithathe izinyathelo zokuvikela ilanga ukuze zivikele i-myopia.
Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe mayelana nezitayela zemfashini yezibuko kanye nokubonisana nezimboni, sicela uvakashele iwebhusayithi yethu futhi usithinte noma nini.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-03-2024