Ngezici zayo ezingabizi futhi eziphumelelayo, imisebenzi yangaphandle isiphenduke into okufanele ube nayo yonke imizi ukuze ivimbele futhi ilawule i-myopia. Abazali abaningi bahlela ukukhiphela izingane zabo ngaphandle ukuze ziyothamela ilanga ngamaholidi. Nokho, ilanga liyakhazimula entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Ingabe amehlo ezingane avikelwe? Abaningi bethu abadala banomkhuba wokugqokaizibuko zelanga. Ingabe izingane zidinga ukugqoka izibuko zelanga? Ingabe ukugqoka izibuko zelanga zemisebenzi yangaphandle kuzothinta umphumela wokuvimbela nokulawula? Namuhla ngilapha ukuzophendula imibuzo yenu nonke bazali laphaya!
Kungani izingane zidinga izibuko zelanga kakhulu kunabantu abadala?
Ukukhanya kwelanga kunjengenkemba esika nhlangothi zombili emehlweni. Nakuba ukukhanya kwelanga okuvuselela i-retina kungaveza inani elifanele le-dopamine, kunciphisa amathuba okuba ne-myopia. Kodwa ukulimala kwamehlo okubangelwa ukuchayeka kwe-UV isikhathi eside kunomphumela okhulayo futhi, njenge-myopia, akunakulungiseka. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela ukuthi uma kuqhathaniswa nesistimu ye-refractive ethuthuke ngokuphelele yabantu abadala, ilensi yengane “isobala” kakhulu. Kufana nesihlungi esingaphelele futhi kulula kakhulu ukuhlaselwa kanye nokulimala emisebeni ye-ultraviolet.
Uma amehlo evezwa emisebeni ye-ultraviolet ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kungenzeka ukuthi abangele umonakalo ku-cornea, i-conjunctiva, i-lens ne-retina, okubangela izifo zamehlo, njenge-cataracts, i-pterygium, i-macular degeneration, njll.
Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukuchayeka kwe-UV yaminyaka yonke kwezingane kuphindwe kathathu kuneyabantu abadala, futhi u-80% wokuchayeka kwe-UV impilo yonke kwenzeka ngaphambi kweminyaka yobudala engama-20. Ngakho-ke, ukuvimbela kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kunciphe ingozi engaba khona yezifo zamehlo kuhlumela. I-American Academy of Optometry (AOA) yake yathi: Izibuko zelanga ziyisidingo kubantu banoma ibuphi ubudala, ngoba amehlo ezingane ayakwazi ukungena kalula kunabantu abadala, futhi imisebe ye-ultraviolet ingafinyelela kalula kuyi-retina, ngakho izibuko zelanga zibaluleke kakhulu kuzo. Ngakho akukhona ukuthi izingane azikwazi ukugqoka izibuko zelanga, kodwa kudingeka zizigqoke kakhulu kunabantu abadala.
Izinto okufanele uziqaphele lapho ugqoke izibuko zelanga
1. Akunconywa ukuthi izinsana nezingane ezincane ezineminyaka engu-0-3 zigqoke izibuko zelanga ukuze zivikeleke elangeni. Iminyaka engu-0-3 “inkathi ebucayi” yokuthuthukiswa kombono wezingane. Izinsana nezingane ezincane ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-3 zidinga ukukhuthazwa okwengeziwe okuvela ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo nezinto ezicacile. Uma ugqoka izibuko zelanga, amehlo omntwana akanaso isikhathi sokujwayela indawo yokukhanya evamile, futhi indawo ye-macular ye-fundus ayikwazi ukushukunyiswa ngokuphumelelayo. Umsebenzi obonakalayo ungase uthinteke, futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungase kuholele ku-amblyopia. Abazali kufanele banake ukuvikela amehlo omntwana lapho bephuma. Yilokho kuphela.
2. Izingane ezineminyaka engu-3-6 ubudala zigqoka "kafushane" ekukhanyeni okunamandla. Ngemva kokuba umntwana efinyelele eminyakeni engu-3 ubudala, ukuthuthukiswa okubukwayo sekufinyelele ezingeni eliphelele. Lapho ingane isendaweni yokukhanya okuqinile, njengasezintabeni ezineqhwa, olwandle, ezindaweni ezinotshani, emabhishi, njll. Lapho izingane zichayeka, kudingeka zigqoke izibuko zelanga ukuze zivikele amehlo azo emisebeni. Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-6 ubudala kufanele zigqoke izibuko zelanga kancane ngangokunokwenzeka lapho izimo zivuma. Kungcono ukunciphisa isikhathi sokugqoka sibe yimizuzu engama-30 ngesikhathi futhi singadluli amahora ama-2 kakhulu. Kufanele bazikhumule ngokushesha ngemva kokungena ekamelweni noma ukuya endaweni epholile. izibuko zelanga.
3. Izingane ngemva kweminyaka engu-6 akufanele ziwagqoke ngokuqhubekayo amahora angaphezu kwama-3. Ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-12 yisikhathi esibucayi sokuthuthukiswa kokubukwa kwezingane, kufanele uqaphele kakhulu lapho ugqoke izibuko zelanga. Kunconywa kuphela ukugqoka izibuko zelanga ngaphandle ekukhanyeni kwelanga okuqinile, futhi isikhathi esiqhubekayo akufanele sidlule amahora angu-3. . Lapho imisebe yelanga inamandla uma kuqhathaniswa, noma lapho indawo ezungezile ibonisa ukukhanya kwelanga okuqinile, kudingeka ugqoke izibuko zelanga. Imisebe ye-Ultraviolet inamandla uma kuqhathaniswa phakathi kuka-10 ekuseni no-3 ntambama, ngakho ukuchayeka elangeni kufanele kugwenywe kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka.
Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe mayelana nezitayela zemfashini yezibuko kanye nokubonisana nezimboni, sicela uvakashele iwebhusayithi yethu futhi usithinte noma nini.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-15-2023